California v. Greenwood, 486 U.S. 35 (1988)—The Fourth Amendment Does Not Prohibit Warrantless Searches and Seizures of Garbage Containers Left at the Curb of a House….39:775

The Exclusionary Rule: A Case Study in Judicial Usurpation….34:33

The Federal Standard of Search and Seizure….13:65

Florida v. Bostick, 111 S. Ct. 2382 (1991)—Random Bus Searches Conducted Pursuant to a Passenger’s Consent Are Not Per Se Unconstitutional Violations of the Fourth Amendment Search and Seizure Clause….41:575

Florida v. Riley, 488 U.S. 445 (1989)—A Police Officer’s Naked-Eye Observation of the Interior of a Partially-Covered Greenhouse from the Vantage Point of a Helicopter Circling at an Altitude of 400 Feet Is Not a “Search” for Which a Warrant Is Required Under the Fourth Amendment….40:615

Fourth Amendment Standing After Katz, Iowa Cases Analyzed….40:603

Search Warrant Affidavits—The Constitutional Constraints….23:623

Self-Incrimination or Search and Seizure?….1:55

Steagald v. United States (U.S. Sup. Ct. 1981)—When Seeking to Execute an Arrest Warrant at the Home of a Third Party Not Named in the Warrant, the Fourth Amendment Requires a Search Warrant to Be Obtained Absent Consent or Exigent Circumstances….31:486

Suspicionless Terrorism Checkpoints Since 9/11: Searching for Uniformity….56:171

Technological Ubiquity and the Evolution of Fourth Amendment Rights….62:575

Traffic Ticket Reasonable, Cell Phone Search Not: Applying the Search-Incident-to-Arrest Exception to the Cell Phone as “Hybrid….60:429

United States v. Chadwick (U.S. Sup. Ct. 1977)—The Warrantless Search of a Double-locked Footlocker, Located in an Automobile Trunk at the Time of Arrest, One and Half Hours After Arrest Is Not Justified by the “Automobile Exception” or as a “Search Incident to a Lawful Arrest” and Thus Is Violative of the Fourth Amendment’s Warrant Clause and Legitimate Expectations of Privacy….27:421

United States v. Davis, 482 F.2d 893 (9th Cir. 1973)—Search of Potential Airline Passenger and His Immediate Possessions Does Not Violate Fourth Amendment Where Consent of Person to Be Searched Is First Obtained…..23:471

United States v. Mahoney (5th Cir. 1983)—Evidence Obtained by Police Officers in the Course of Action that Is Taken in Good Faith and in the Reasonable—Though Mistaken—Belief that They Are Authorized, Shall Not Be Suppressed Under the Exclusionary Rule….34:257

Whiteley v. Warden of Wyoming Penitentiary, 401 U.S. 560 (1971)—When a Police Officer Obtains a Warrant For the Arrest of an Individual and Requests the Assistance of Other Police in Making the Arrest, the Probable Cause For the Arrest of That Individual By Another Officer Cannot Be Contained in the Communication Alone if the Warrant is Later Shown to Be Invalid….21:365